In the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, many countries imposed strict sanctions against Russia, while countries friendly to Russia continued to trade.
"If you net it all out, the study finds that much of the import sanctions were circumvented, but not all. In particular, the science and technology sector was unable to get its hands on re-routed or substituted imports and suffered large reductions (c.30%) in access to inputs."
I think it's the other way round: sanctions work much more than most people think - I keep hearing that sanctions don't work, which begs the question why the first demand that Russia articulates is that they be dropped. Also, let's not forget that if they have to pay more to get the goods rerouted via intermediaries, that's also a desired effect of sanctions. As is the fact that they have to sell their oil more cheaply than they otherwise would. Sanctions rarely are black or white.
Agree completely. And, of course, it's not just oil. Natural gas exports to Europe have dropped off precipitously. What Westerners now plan vacation trips to Russia?
a decent probability for effective broad import\export sanctions always needs trusted allies.
even if Dems had imposed AND enforced strong russia sanctions (and they did not), those would be cancelled by now, or irrelevant as trusted allies are gone or too leaky.
look no further than the buildup from zero to +1000 tanker darkfleet, the core engine for russia's war economy.
"If you net it all out, the study finds that much of the import sanctions were circumvented, but not all. In particular, the science and technology sector was unable to get its hands on re-routed or substituted imports and suffered large reductions (c.30%) in access to inputs."
A greater impact than I imagined
I think it's the other way round: sanctions work much more than most people think - I keep hearing that sanctions don't work, which begs the question why the first demand that Russia articulates is that they be dropped. Also, let's not forget that if they have to pay more to get the goods rerouted via intermediaries, that's also a desired effect of sanctions. As is the fact that they have to sell their oil more cheaply than they otherwise would. Sanctions rarely are black or white.
Agree completely. And, of course, it's not just oil. Natural gas exports to Europe have dropped off precipitously. What Westerners now plan vacation trips to Russia?
a decent probability for effective broad import\export sanctions always needs trusted allies.
even if Dems had imposed AND enforced strong russia sanctions (and they did not), those would be cancelled by now, or irrelevant as trusted allies are gone or too leaky.
look no further than the buildup from zero to +1000 tanker darkfleet, the core engine for russia's war economy.